很多备考托福的考生反映，托福阅读是考试汇总的一大难点，为什么这么说，因为比起其他科目来说，托福阅读的题型还是比较复杂的，其中包括：细节题、态度题、排除题、词汇题等。今天我们要为大家介绍的就是排除题的两个考察方向。

　　1、对文章或段落主题抓取能力的考察

　　答题时注意看每个选项，尤其是当选项中出现了在该段落中没有的词句时，就可以考虑可能会有某个选项跟本段甚至整片文章的主题是相悖的。

　　请看下面例题：

　　Decades before this disaster,environmentalist had predicted just such an enormous oil spill in this areabecause of the treacherous nature of the waters due to the submerged reefs,icebergs, and violent storms there. They had urged that oil be transported tothe continental United States by land-based pipeline rather than by oil tankeror by undersea pipeline to reduce the potential damage to the environment posedby the threat of an oil spill.

　　Which point is NOT made by theenvironmentalist mentioned in paragraph 2?

　　A. That a huge oil spill in thewaters off Alaska was possible.

　　B. That the waters off the coastof Alaska were dangerous for ships.

　　C. That oil tanker should not beused to transport oil from Alaska.

　　D. That an undersea pipeline waspreferable to a land-based pipeline.

　　这道题题干中提到的environmentalist是整个该段的主语，故不能作为关键信息词。而发现A. C.中的Alaska，都在段落中没有提到。所以可以考虑某个答案与主题相悖。这类题目，也可以多关注段落中是否有表示转折的词汇，例如but, instead of, however, rather than. 所以，稍加阅读后，发现……land-based pipeline rather than by oil tanker or by underseapipeline…… 这句话当中出现rather than, 锁定D选项中同样的话语，刚好与原文观点相反，所以选择D.

　　2、对最基本的细节信息理解的考察

　　这里可以用更简单的说法：从词中选。 所谓从词中选，就是可以在文章中找到几个名词，他们排列存在，共同构成某一事件的所有细节。这时候，出题者会提取出其中三个，并在文章别处或者自编一个跟本事件并无关系的名词(词组)。

　　请看下面的例子：

　　In1943, the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem ofhousing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, butin some locations, including NY, controls continued. Under NY’s controls, alandlord generally cannot raise rents on APartments as long as the tenantscontinue to renew their leases. In places as Santa Monica, California, rentcontrols are more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, whichcombined with California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, aswell as rents, to record levels.

　　Which of the following was NOT a reason forthe introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica, California?

　　A. Rapid population growth

　　B. Inflation

　　C. Economic conditions duringwartime

　　D. Record-high housing prices

　　在这道排除题中，由于四个选项提供的信息都是用名词词组，我们可以断定，段落中一定存在其中三个词组，而题干中又出现地名Santa Monica, California. 故可将此地名作为关键词，锁定答案所在句子，然后逐一排除。而……as Santa Monica, California, rent controlsare more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, which combinedwith California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, ……. 这句话当中分别提到了A, B, D三个答案，所以答案为C.

　　以上就是托福阅读考试中排除题的两大考察方向，大家都学会了吗？希望大家根据自身情况决定是否要参加托福考试，如果想要了解更多关于托福考试试卷、托福考试时间表的信息，可以在线咨询我们或添加客服微信kewo11！